Attribution Environmental Scan Final Report 

National Quality Forum (NQF) convened a multi-stakeholder Committee to provide input and guidance on developing geographical/population-based attribution models applicable to quality measurement of high-acuity, emergency care sensitive conditions (ECSCs) and mass casualty incidents (MCIs). This Environmental Scan builds on foundational attribution work that established recommendations for attributing care to providers or entities and strengthening attribution in measurement programs. The Scan considers the existing literature, quality measures, and models of attribution that are population based or assign responsibility to multiple entities. The purpose of this report is to provide guidance of the current state of attribution, which will help to assess and illustrate system-level healthcare quality during emergencies and to support future adoption of attribution approaches that account for a team-based approach to emergency care in value-based models.